What type of vessel must follow navigational rules without exceptions?

All vessels on the high seas are required to follow the navigational rules without exceptions, as specified in the COLREGs (International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea). The COLREGs establish a framework for safe navigation and collision avoidance applicable to all vessels regardless of type, size, or condition. This ensures a standardized approach to maritime navigation and safety, which is critical in the vast and often congested waters of the high seas.

By adhering to these rules, vessels can effectively communicate their movements and intentions, thus reducing the risk of collisions. Moreover, the COLREGs are designed to be universally applicable to all vessels operating in the open sea, promoting a safe and orderly maritime environment.

The other options reference specific scenarios that do not encompass the totality of maritime navigation rules and may include exceptions or limited applicability, which is not the case for vessels operating on the high seas. This distinction underlines the importance of consistent compliance with the COLREGs for all vessels in those waters.